Example of a Task Analysis: How to Break Down Complex Skills in ABA

One of the most valuable tools in Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) is the task analysis. It allows us to break complex behaviors into teachable, step-by-step parts—making it easier for clients to learn everything from brushing teeth to job skills.

Whether you're an RBT working one on one with a client or a BCBA writing a treatment plan, it's important to understand how to build and implement a task analysis. This method is important to teach effective skill acquisition.

In this post, we’ll give you a clear example of a task analysis, explain when and why to use it, and offer tips for tailoring it to individual learners.

What Is a Task Analysis?

A task analysis is the process of breaking a complex behavior or skill into smaller, measurable steps. Instead of expecting a client to complete a whole task all at once, we teach one step at a time—building toward independence.

Task analyses are especially useful when working on:

• Self-help skills (toileting, dressing, hygiene)

• Academic or vocational routines

• Life skills (cooking, cleaning, budgeting)

• Social routines (greetings, conversation starters)

Example of a Task Analysis: Washing Hands

Let’s look at a simple yet essential daily living skill. Here's an example of a task analysis for handwashing:

1. Walk to the sink

2. Turn on the water

3. Adjust water temperature if needed

4. Wet hands

5. Get soap

6. Rub hands together for 20 seconds (palms, backs, between fingers)

7. Rinse hands under water

8. Turn off the water

9. Get a paper towel or towel

10. Dry hands completely

11. Throw paper towel away (if used)

Depending on your learner’s needs, this task analysis could be expanded for example, include turning on bathroom light, pushing up sleeves) or condensed to focus only on core steps.

How to Teach a Task Analysis

Once the steps are defined, you can use one of three chaining methods:

• Forward Chaining: Teach the first step independently, then add the next as each is mastered.

• Backward Chaining: Prompt through all steps except the last, which the learner completes independently.

• Total Task Presentation: Teach the entire sequence every time, offering support as needed.

*Your choice depends on the client’s learning style, strengths, and goals.

Tips for RBTs and BCBAs

• Use visuals or written prompts for clients who benefit from visual supports

• Prompt consistently and fade those prompts systematically

• Collect data on each step so you can track which parts are mastered

• Customize the steps based on the client’s physical ability, environment, or cultural context

• Celebrate small wins—completing just one new step independently is progress!

Why Task Analyses Matter at Nova Supports

At Nova Supports, task analyses are part of our commitment to compassionate, competent care. Whether we’re teaching teens how to prepare a snack or helping adults in our day clinic navigate community routines, we use step-by-step instruction to build confidence and independence—one skill at a time. :)

Our team of RBTs and BCBAs are trained to write effective task analyses and adapt them across settings, ensuring each client gets the support they need to succeed.

Need help writing a task analysis for a specific goal? Our clinical team is here to train employees in proper ABA therapy.